Keynotes -- Maps Get Real: Digital Maps evolving from mathematical line graphs to virtual reality models -- On Valid and Invalid Three-Dimensional Geometries -- Papers -- Navigable Space in 3D City Models for Pedestrians -- Towards 3D Spatial Data Infrastructures (3D-SDI) based on open standards — experiences, results and future issues -- Re-using laser scanner data in applications for 3D topography -- Using Raster DTM for Dike Modelling -- Development of a Web Geological Feature Server (WGFS) for sharing and querying of 3D objects -- Using 3D-Laser-Scanners and Image-Recognition for Volume-Based Single-Tree-Delineation and -Parameterization for 3D-GIS-Applications -- Automatic building modeling from terrestrial laser scanning -- 3D City Modelling from LIDAR Data -- First implementation results and open issues on the Poincaré-TEN data structure -- Drainage reality in terrains with higher-order Delaunay triangulations -- Surface Reconstruction from Contour Lines or LIDAR elevations by Least Squared-error Approximation using Tensor-Product Cubic B-splines -- Modelling and Managing Topology in 3D Geoinformation Systems -- Mathematically provable correct implementation of integrated 2D and 3D representations -- 3D Solids and Their Management In DBMS -- Implementation alternatives for an integrated 3D Information Model -- Serving CityGML via Web Feature Services in the OGC Web Services - Phase 4 Testbed -- Towards 3D environmental impact studies: example of noise -- The Kinetic 3D Voronoi Diagram: A Tool for Simulating Environmental Processes -- Techniques for Generalizing Building Geometry of Complex Virtual 3D City Models -- Automatic Generation of Residential Areas using Geo-Demographics -- Position papers -- Working Group I — Requirements and Applications — Position Paper: Requirements for 3D in Geographic Information Systems Applications -- Working Group II — Acquisition — Position Paper: Data collection and 3D reconstruction -- Working Group III — Modelling — Position Paper: Modelling 3D Geo-Information -- Working Group IV — Analysis — Position Paper: Spatial Data Analysis in 3D GIS -- Working Group V — Visualization — Position Paper: 3D Geo-Visualization.

This unique book focuses on comparing several types of 3D models. Due to the rapid developments in sensor techniques a vast amount of 3D data is available. Effective algorithms for (semi) automatic object reconstruction are required. Integration of existing 2D objects with height data is a non-trivial process and needs further research. The resulting 3D models can be maintained in several types of 3D models: TEN (Tetrahedral Network), Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) models, Regular Polytopes, TIN Boundary representation and 3D volume quad edge structure, layered/topology models, voxel based models, 3D models used in urban planning/polyhedrons, and n-dimensional models including time. 3D analysis and 3D simulation techniques explore and extend the possibilities in spatial applications.